Some
hens cluck as they run around the compound and others browse the ground
for food. The cocks, on the other hand, crow intermittently just to
assure the rest of the brood that everything is under control. This is
Richard Rono’s home in Kapchekoro village, Bomet County, where the
farmer keeps chicken. However, unlike many farmers who keep the birds
for eggs or meat, Rono mainly hatches
chicks
for sale. “I started with exotic chicken and I was keeping them for
eggs but after realising that the market was saturated, I went for
Kienyeji birds and started hatching chicks because there is less
competition,” says Rono, who constructed a semi-permanent house worth
Sh150,000 for his chicken. At any time, the farmer keeps an average of
100 hens and 15 cocks in a recommended ratio of one cock for every seven
hens.
He
hatches up to 450 chicks per month. The hens supply him with eggs for
the incubators and he sells the surplus at Sh20 each. The farmer has two
incubators. A manual one with a capacity of 360 eggs that he bought
five years ago at Sh50,000 and an automatic one with a capacity of 480
eggs that he acquired three years ago at Sh140,000. “It takes me 10 days
to get enough eggs for the two incubators.
When
the eggs are hatching, I sell the surplus which earn me about Sh20,000
per month after deducting the cost of feeds.” The eggs hatch after 21
days. “I, thereafter, transfer the chicks from the incubator to a pen
equipped with a charcoal brooder. They will stay there for a month,”
explains Rono, who spends up to Sh3,000 per month on charcoal. “The
chicks need to be kept warm, that is why I use the charcoal burner. It
burns throughout the night and sometimes during the day.”
He
offers the chicks commercial feeds, starting with chick mash, which goes
for between Sh2,500 and Sh3,000 for a 50kg bag. Clean water and
vaccines are also crucial for the chicks’ survival. “If one misses to
vaccinate the chicks against Gumboro and New Castle Disease, then their
chances of survival would be minimal. I also vaccinate them against Fowl
Typhoid as advised by agricultural extension officer,” says Rono, who
also hatches eggs for other farmers at Sh1 per day for each. He makes up
to Sh10,000 per month from this venture.
He
sells the chicks to farmers from Bomet, Keroka and Kericho after about a
month from Sh120 to Sh180. “I do not sell the very young chicks to
beginners because they may not manage them well. I usually advise them
to pick those chicks that are over a month.” If the chicks are not
bought in the first month, Rono usually transfers them to another pen.
“I keep the birds in different pens according to their ages. One should
not mix them to prevent spread of diseases and bullying. It is wrong to
mix chicks, for instance, with older birds,” offers Rono, who
supplements commercial feeds with wheat, sorghum, fresh grass and
vegetables. At two months, the birds go for Sh250 and at three Sh350.
He
allows the hens to forage in his compound each day after feeding on
layers mash. Bomet Central Livestock Production Officer Evans Kiplagat
says farmers keeping Kienyeji chicken spend less on disease control
because they are resistant to many poultry infections. “Their
adaptability to varied living conditions makes them suitable breeds for
every farmer. The indigenous breeds do not entirely depend on commercial
feeds and they can do well under free-range thus cutting the cost of
production,” says Kiplagat, adding that they are preferred by many
consumers because their meat is tastier. He advises farmers to maximum
their returns from poultry by diversifying. “That egg a farmer sells at
Sh15 or Sh20 can hatch in 21 days and he sells the chicks at Sh150. This
is better than just selling eggs.”
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